留學生dissertation網本文闡述在信息全球化和政府調控對與中國電信產業變化規律的影響。中國政府歷來國有電信行業，有否考慮為公共部門，其中有一個根本性的作用，發揮在整體經濟和社會發展。 80年代以前，在中國電信業有的自然壟斷與低生產力和合理的價格結構。而政府與企業互動，通過它的管理水平，無論是在所有權和管理形式，都將受到很大的變化。The influences of globalisation and government regulation on the industrial change with China’s telecommunications industry
Area and contest of research
China's telecommunication registered a business income of nearly 18.94 billion Euros in the first half of this year; it has increased 15% from the same period last year, according to statistics released by the Ministry of information industry. As for the three largest telecom operators, China Telecom registered 8.73 billion Euros in income, while china mobile, registered 6.27 billion Euros, and China Unicom, 1.59 billion Euros.

With a close watch on the telecommunication industry of China all along, as well as the development of the foreign telecommunication operators and manufacturers, there is a significant change of the international telecommunication policy and laws.

The government historically owned telecommunications industry, it has considered as public sector, which has a fundamental role to play in overall economic and social development. Before the 1980s, telecommunication industry in china was naturally monopoly structure with low productivities and reasonable price. And the government interact with business through it management level, both in form of ownership and regulation.

As the economic environment and technology development changes globally, the innovation force governments to consider their responsibility in telecommunications industry. Therefore, many countries around world has been considered reorganise their telecommunications industry. Such as: Mexico, New Zealand, and Brazil chose ownership and direct provision of telecommunications, while the United States elected the regulation of a private monopoly.

After china has joint the WTO (world trade organisation) membership, to incorporate with global economic, china’s telecommunications industry has changed significantly. Moreover, the investment in this sector has grown as one of the fastest country in the world.

Despite the rapid development, there are still some difficulties. Historically the state of government has always played a major role in the development of Chinese economy. In other words the government http://www.ttc-switch.com/Thesis_Tips/Proposal/maintains a ministerial monopoly (before 1995) of communications services and restricts FDI (foreign direct investment). Also the development of service process to rural area is very slow.
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When foreign investment has increased rapidly Chinese government offered preferential policies. However, Chinese government set rule and regulations to protect domestic telecommunication company and limits the entry of foreign players, so the barriers to entry into the telecommunication market is still high.

Literature review
Main source of preliminary literature review is based on college library facilities and the review is from academic book and journals. Since the China telecommunications industry is still under current reforming, so most updated writing in the final literature review is needed, this may found in the journal or newspaper at local level.

Literatures as found within the initial research are put into three levels in relation to the dissertation topic. Literatures as found within the initial research are put into three levels in relation to the dissertation topic, including International level, Country level and Company level.
There is a wide literature on the patterns of telecommunications growth in developing countries and the impact that the industrial change has on their economies and societies. Work by Anders (1993) examined developing nations and their rural areas and pointed out the statistical links between telecommunications growth and overall economic advancement. Beardsley and Patsalos (1996) studied the availability and cultural utility of various telecommunications media and noted political and social barriers to their further development. Moreover, World Bank (1996) provided a study analyzing several nations for efficient use of telecommunications tools and their decisions related to price setting for various services.
-International level
It has been commonly observed that the activities of firms are becoming increasingly globalized. Not only have exports grown faster than production in the industrialized countries; foreign direct investment (FDI) has also grown considerably faster than exports over the last several decades (UNCTAD 1999).

Besley (1999) believes that the world is really undergoing great changes, related to globalization, and outlines a few of the fundamental changes in the global economy. He argues that the development of electronic world communication systems (e.g., the satellite) was a main feature of globalization, through the ability of instant electronic communication among all parts of the world. A common argument is that the globalisation forces national economies to deregulate their economies in order to be competitive in international market.

Telecommunications industry is perhaps the most international of all industries. The whole purpose of telecommunications is to facilitate rapid, multiform, distance insensitive communication from any point to any point. Telecommunications technology and services do not respect borders, nor should they. The only limitations that should apply to international traffic in telecommunications technology and services are economic; all political constraints should be swept aside (Hill, 2005).#p#分頁標題#e#

There are two broad determinants of a good global platform in an industry (See David, 2000). The first one is comparative advantage or the factor endowment of the country as a site to perform particular important activities in the industry. Today, simple factors such as low-cost unskilled labour and natural resources are increasingly less important to global competition than complex factors such as skilled scientific and technical personnel as well advanced infrastructure. The second attractiveness of a country as a global platform in an industry is a country’s demand and local operating environment. A country’s demand conditions include the size and timing of its demand in an industry, factors recognized as important by authors such as Linder and Vernon. They also include the sophistication and power of local buyers and channels and the particular product features and attributes demanded. The latter factors are frequently more important today than size and timing of demand.

-Country level
Drysdale and Song (2000) defines the state as that body which has a monopoly over taxation, the money supply and the legitimate use of violence.

The World Bank has identified five core responsibilities of the state in any modern society (World Bank 1997):
- Establishing a legal framework;
- Developing economic policies;
- Building basic services and infrastructure;
- Protection the vulnerable;
- Protecting the environment.

All these responsibilities have an impact on business in some way. The role of the state in the capitalist economy has been one of the most controversial issues in economics since the birth of the discipline (Frank and Fred, 2002). Almost everyone agrees that the state has a role to play, but there is little agreement as to when and how it should act. Perhaps the reason why there is little agreement is that state intervention is a complex phenomenon involving many contentious issues such as efficiency, morality, power and liberty.

-Company level
Organisational strategy is influenced by historical developments such as trade pattern, technical innovation and government policies. When it comes to the public sector there are more constrains. The public sector is usually made up of service providing organizations offering services and providing information about service transactions. The unique problems of public sector organizations have been a topic of study for some time (Chang, 1996). The market in a public organization is made up of rule making bodies which limit the flexibility and autonomy. And goals are often vague and in dispute, the leader's authority is limited, political interference and scrutiny by outsiders can be expected as a strategy is formed, broad accountability is required, and performance expectations continually shift. These differences fully discussed in Johnson and Scholes (2002).

Organizations are a product of their society's institutions. The form, structure and even competitive behaviour of organizations depend on the institutions of society. Thus, competition is the immediate determinant whether organizations innovate, but the institutions determine how and what kinds of innovations occur (Levy and Spiller, 1996)#p#分頁標題#e#

Research question/hypothesis
The research questions are as follow:
? Whether the internal and external factors influences the reform in China’s telecommunications industry.
? What are the current deregulation and liberalization policies and approach in the telecommunications sector?
? What is the government’s role in the process of reform?
? How those industry policy changes affect domestic companies’ strategy.
? What are some recommendations for the future development of the industry?

Method and data to be used
The dissertation will use quantitative methods to answer the main question. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model will be used to find the relationship between internal and external factors and the reform of China’s telecommunications industry, the relationship between the government and process of reform of telecommunication, as well as the industry policy changes and the domestic companies’ strategy, test hypotheses to answer the questions above. The model is based on the standard variables. The left hand side (dependant variable) will be internal and external factors and the right hand side (independent variable) will include: the reform of China’s telecommunication industry, the process of reform, deregulation and liberalization policies and approach in the telecommunication sector, domestic companies’ strategy. The dummy variable will be used for telecommunication industry variables at which time of policy was carried out and will be put as 1 and otherwise, it will be 0.
Proposed charter structure
Introduction: introduction of research background, research significance, problems and contents.
Literature review: overview and discussion the previous studies, summarize the main theoretical basis for this dissertation.
Research methodology: OLS regression model, explain dummy variables used for telecommunication reform and verify the research questions.
Finding and discussion: analysis of the data and results.
Conclusion: summary of the findings, and propose some suggestions for the future research.

References
Anders P. (1996) International Strategies in Telecommunications Routledge, London

Beardsley, S., and Patsalos-Fax, M. (1995) ‘‘getting telecoms privatisation right’’ The McKinsey Quarterly, Number 1, pp.3-26

Bohlin, E., and Levin, S.L. (1998) telecoms transformation: Technology, strategy and policy, IOS Press, Amsterdam

Bartlett, G., and B., (2004) Transnational Management, 4th edition, McGrawHill

Besley (introduced and edited 1999) Regulating utilities: a new era? London: Institute of Economic Affairs in association with the London Business School

Besley (introduced and edited 1996) Regulating utilities: a time for change? London: Institute of Economic Affairs in association with the London Business School

http://www.ttc-switch.com/Thesis_Tips/Proposal/#p#分頁標題#e#China towards Sustainable Industry Growth Industry Development Series Black Well Publishers

C.W.L.Hill (2005) (5th Edition), International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace, McGraw-Hill.

David N. (2000) (3th Edition), Business in Context: an introduction to business and its environment, Thomson London

Drysdale, P. and Song, L. (eds.) (2000), China's Entry into the World Trade Organisation, London: Routledge.

留學生產業經濟dissertation開題報告Frank M. and Fred B. (2002), International Business, Thomson London

Ha-Joon Chang (1996), The Political Economy of Industrial Policy MACMLILLAN PRESS Lodon

Johnson, G. and Scholes, K. (2002) (6th Edition), Corporate Strategy, London: Pearson Education

Levy, B. and Spiller, P.T. (1996) Regulations, institutions and commitments. Comparative studies of telecommunications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.